B2 Riboflavin - Vitamin B2 is vital for the formation of FAD(flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotide), both of which are essential for metabolizing carbohydrates, proteins, and fats and make energy available in the body. The vitamin is also important to maintain metabolism and for the health and proper functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. It also protects against free-radical damage and is necessary for good vision, skin, hair, and nails. Physical exercise increases the body's need for vitamin B2. Research also suggests that vitamin B2 may help to prevent or slow the development of cataracts, and reduce the frequency of migraines.

B6 Pyridoxine - Vitamin B6 metabolizes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates; it forms hormones for adrenaline and insulin, and is essential for maintaining a healthy nervous system. It also required for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells and antibodies that help fight infection. Vitamin B6 is used in the synthesis of RNA and DNA, and is needed for the production of hydrochloric acid. It also helps to regulate body fluids. Several studies have shown that vitamin B6 helps to lower blood levels of the amino acid hemocysteine. Vitamin B6 is known to help with the regrowth of hair, boosting the immune system, helps prevents varicose veins, improves memory, and helps reduce stress.

B12 Cobalamin - Aids in the breakdown of protein, carbohydrates, and fats, in the production of red and white blood cells, and blood platelets(thrombocytes), the manufacture of substances needed for proper cell functioning, and the metabolism of nutrients necessary for cell growth. It is essential for the recycling of certain enzymes that maintain the health of blood, nerves, and other cells. B12 deficiency is present in up to 15 percent of the elderly population.

Battling aging with the Bs. Many older people have problems getting enough B vitamins, which is necessary for your nerves and brain to stay healthy. As we age, the lining of the stomach changes, which makes is harder to absorb these nutrient, especially after about 50 years of age. Vitamin B Supplementation is highly recommended.

Panax Ginseng - The ginseng was added for it's general energy boosting properties.

PS - Phosphatidyl Serine - Athletes take PS to reduce stress as cortisol, the stress hormone produced by the body, is know to increase with age. Intense exercise also results in considerable release of cortisol. Excess cortisol our main stress hormone is known to be neurotoxic. Most people who are under intense stress are unaware of of the brain damage that stress causes or the protective properties of PS. PS is contained in the ghr15 capsule formula. People can take up to 500 mg of PS per day for stress.

L Arginine has been used by millions of athletes over the past 20 years to enhance production of hgh. Arginine works well into old age and boosts hgh up to three times. Its main benefits include increased fat burning, muscle building, enhanced immunity, and improved erectile function in men. It appears to work by blocking the hormone somatostatin, which acts like a brake in the pituitary gland, lowering the production and release of hgh. the most common dosage is 4 to 10 grams. taken on an empty stomach one hour before exercise and before sleeping. When combining amino acids a much Lower dosage is recommended. An essential amino acid (meaning that the body cannot create amino acid on its own but must get it from the foods we eat).

Growth Hormone Effects: Arginine causes the secretion of growth hormone. In fact, a 15 to 30 gram intravenous infusion of arginine is used as a standard endocrinological test to provoke the pituitary into releasing growth hormone.

A study at the University of Turin, Italy, showed that even though people in their seventies had lower response than either children or young adults to arginine, the nutrient still boosted their blood levels of HGH to triple the average for their age group.

Arginine appears to stimulate HGH by blocking the secretion of the growth-hormone inhibitor somatostatin. It also greatly enhances the effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone when they are given together.

Positive claims for arginine include increasing fat burning and building muscle tissue probably through the stimulation of growth hormone, increasing the weight and activity of the thymus gland, boosting immunity, promoting healing of bums and other wounds, protecting the liver and detoxifying harmful substances, and enhancing male fertility (almost all of which are enhanced by CH). It also restores sexual function in impotent men. In a 1994 study by Drs. A.W. Zorgniotti and E.E Lizza of the department of urology/surgery at New York University School of Medicine, six of fifteen men who took 2,800 milligrams of arginine a day for two weeks had renewed sexual performance, specifically improved erection, yet none of the men on the placebo did. The researchers believe that arginine worked because it is a precursor of nitric oxide, which plays a key role in initiating and maintaining an erection.

L Lysine when combined with arginine increase the hgh up to 10 times as shown in several studies by Italian researcher Dr. Isidori, and his associates at the University of Rome. L-Lysine aids in the production of antibodies, hormones and enzymes, maintains the body's nitrogen balance, aids calcium absorption and is instrumental in the formation of collagen.

Effects on HGH: A 1981 study by Italian researcher A. Isidori, M.D., and his associates at the University of Rome found that the combination of 1,200 milligrams of lysine and 1200 milligrams of arginine pyoglutamate in fifteen male volunteers between the ages of fifteen and twenty was ten times more effective than taking arginine alone. According to the researchers, "we could demonstrate that the association of the two amino acids does result in the release of biologically active hormone able to affect peripheral cellular receptors and thus cell growth in general." The fact that lysine and arginine together were active in oral form, say the researchers, "is clearly of considerable importance in clinical and diagnostic practice, where it offers a more practical and physiological approach."

According to Roy Walford, there is evidence that a combination of lysine and arginine may increase thymic hormone secretion in older animals and humans, partially reversing the immunodeficiency of aging. Again this could be HGH-related. It also effectively reduced the recurrence of herpes simplex infections at dosages of 1.25 grams in a 1984 Mayo Clinic study.

L Glutamine is the most recent amino acid to generate excitement as an hgh releaser by raising the hgh release more than 4 times normal with a small 2 gm dosage. It has the same effect on 32 year olds as it has on 65 year old patients. Usual dose is 2 grams at bedtime taken alone. When combined with other amino acids a lower dosage is sufficient. The most abundant amino acid in the body. It is a conditionally essential amino acid, meaning that the body may not be able to synthesize all it needs when it is under physical stress.

Effects on HGH: Glutamine is the latest amino acid to generate excitement as a HGH-releaser thanks to a 1995 study by Thomas C. Welboume of Louisiana State University College of Medicine in Shreveport. Welbourne showed that a surprisingly small oral dose of about 2 grams of glutamine raised growth hormone levels more than four times over that of a placebo. Even more exciting, age did not diminish the response at least in this small study of volunteers, who ranged from thirty-two to sixty-four years. Glutamine is the amino acid that is most used by the body, particularly during times of stress. The immune system and the gut practically live on glutamine. If the body does not produce enough glutamine, muscle loss and immune dysfunction can occur. The gut atrophies, meaning nutrients all kinds cannot be absorbed as well as before.

L Glycine: A nonessential amino acid.

Effects on HGH: Two studies found that this amino acid increased HGH in the serum. In one, 6.75 grams at bedtime caused an three-fold increase, while a Japanese research team showed that 30 grams raised HGH levels ten times over baseline in patients who had gastric surgery. An oral dose of 250 milligrams in normal volunteers also showed a significant, but less pronounced, rise in HGH. They conclude that "the facts demonstrated that glycine is one of the stimulatory agents inducing the pituitary gland to secrete HGH." Glycine has also been found useful in increasing output in exercise workouts. It may be useful in dampening hyperactive brain activity that produces spasms. In one study, 1 gram of glycine a day for six months to one year significantly reduced spasms in all ten patients with severe chronic spasticity in the legs, including seven with multiple sclerosis.

L Pyroglutamate: An amino acid naturally found in vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and meat. It is also normally present in large amounts in the human brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood.

Effects on HGH: Pyroglutamate has also been shown to be effective in alcohol-induced memory deficits, and more recently, in people affected with multi-infarct dementia. In these patients, the administration of pyroglutamate brought about a significant increase of attention and an improvement on psychological tests investigating short-term retrieval, long-term retrieval, and long-term storage of memory. A statistically significant improvement was observed also in the consolidation of memory.

L Tyrosine: An amino acid precursor to epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, three important brain neurotransmitters involved in mood, mental function and sex drive.

Effects on HGH: Tyrosine is also used by the thyroid gland for the production of Thyroxine, a vital hormone involved in regulating growth, metabolism, skin health and mental state. Clinical studies indicate that Tyrosine can be helpful in reducing the irritation, fatigue and depression of PMS sufferers.